Objective Characterising the oral health of patients undergoing different types of dialysis or kidney transplant. Materials and Methods This was a descriptive study which involved multivariate analysis of information taken from an initial database regarding 336 patients; 49 % were receiving haemodialysis, 34 % peritoneal dialysis, 7 % pre-dialysis and 10 % kidney transplant. Illustrative variables were age, gender, marital status, occupation, education, oral hygiene and gingival indexes, flossing, decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, renal disease aetiology and type of dialysis being received. A hierarchical clustering method was used. Results Four groups of patients were identified. Class 1 (37.8 %) consisted of unmarried men having had secondary education and having good oral hygiene, very high DMFT, with haemodialysis but no stomatological pathology. Class 2 (20.24 %) included haemodialysis patients who had received elementary education, were unemployed, had inadequate oral hygiene, severe gingivitis, very high DMF rate and high Candida frequency. Class 3 (31.2 %) included women undergoing peritoneal dialysis who were over 70 years old, had received elementary education, were housewives, edentulous and who had loss of vertical dimension. Class 4 (10.7 %) included men who had received renal transplant, secondary education and were employees; one third of them were edentulous and had soft tissue alterations. Conclusion Multivariate analysis indicated a possible relationship between the type of dialysis received and patients' socioeconomic characteristics regarding oral health status.
Objetivo Caracterizar la salud bucal en pacientes tratados con diferentes tipos de diálisis o con trasplante renal. Materiales y Método Este trabajo descriptivo consideró 336 pacientes, el 49 % recibía hemodiálisis, 34 % diálisis peritoneal, 7 % prediálisis y 10 % trasplante renal. La información fue tomada de una base de datos inicial que en este artículo aplicó un análisis multivariado. Las variables ilustrativas fueron edad, género, estado civil, ocupación, educación, índice de higiene oral y gingival, uso de seda dental, índice COP-D (cariados, obturados, perdidos), etiología de la enfermedad renal y tipo de diálisis. Se usó el método jerárquico aglomerativo. Resultados Se distinguieron 4 grupos de pacientes: la clase uno (37.8 %) conformada por hombres solteros, educación secundaria, higiene oral buena, y COP-D muy alto, con hemodiálisis y sin patología estomatológica. La clase dos (20.24 %) agrupó pacientes con hemodiálisis, educación primaria, desempleados, higiene oral regular, gingivitis severa, índice COP muy alto y alta frecuencia de cándida. La clase tres (31.2 %) incluyó mujeres tratadas con diálisis peritoneal, mayores de 70 años, educación primaria, amas de casa, edéntulas y pérdida de la dimensión vertical. La cuarta clase (10.7 %) incluyó hombres con trasplante renal, educación secundaria, empleados, la tercera parte edéntulos y con alteraciones en tejidos blandos. Conclusión El análisis multivariado registró una posible relación entre el tipo de diálisis recibido, y las condiciones socioeconómicas con el estado de salud bucal.